Esophageal Stricture Dilatation
Esophageal stricture dilatation is a medical procedure used to widen a narrowed section of the esophagus (food pipe), which can cause difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), food sticking, and chest discomfort. This narrowing, known as a stricture, may result from chronic acid reflux, inflammation, injury, or previous surgery.
What causes esophageal strictures?
Esophageal strictures can develop due to:
- Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Esophagitis (inflammation)
- Radiation therapy or surgery
- Ingestion of corrosive substances
- Tumors or scarring
- Autoimmune conditions (e.g., eosinophilic esophagitis)
Symptoms of esophageal stricture:
- Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- Feeling of food stuck in the chest
- Regurgitation of food or liquids
- Unintentional weight loss
- Chest pain while eating or drinking
What is esophageal dilatation?
Esophageal dilatation is a non-surgical endoscopic procedure that stretches or opens the narrowed part of the esophagus to allow easier passage of food and liquids.
How is the procedure performed?
- A sedative or anesthesia is given to ensure comfort.
- A gastroscope (a flexible tube with a camera) is inserted through the mouth into the esophagus.
- A special balloon or dilating bougie (a tapered instrument) is used to gently stretch the narrowed area.
- The procedure may be repeated over time if the stricture recurs.
Types of dilatation methods:
- Balloon dilatation: Uses an inflatable balloon to expand the narrowed segment.
- Bougie dilatation: Uses progressively larger dilators to stretch the stricture.
Benefits of esophageal dilatation:
- Improves swallowing
- Provides immediate relief from food blockage
- Minimally invasive and quick
- Often performed as an outpatient procedure
Is it safe?
Yes, esophageal dilatation is generally safe when performed by trained gastroenterologists. Possible but rare risks include:
- Tearing (perforation) of the esophagus
- Bleeding
- Recurrence of the stricture
Post-procedure care:
- Patients are monitored for a short period after the procedure.
- Soft diet is usually advised for 24–48 hours.
- Your doctor may prescribe medications like PPIs (proton pump inhibitors) to reduce acid and prevent recurrence.
- Follow-up may be needed for chronic or recurring strictures.
Esophageal stricture dilatation offers a safe and effective solution for swallowing difficulties, restoring comfort and quality of life.
