Colonic Balloon Dilatation
Colonic balloon dilatation is a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure used to widen narrowed areas (strictures) in the colon (large intestine). These strictures may result from inflammation, surgery, radiation, tumors, or chronic disease such as Crohn’s disease. The goal is to relieve symptoms like constipation, abdominal pain, and bowel obstruction without the need for major surgery.
What is a colonic stricture?
A colonic stricture is an area of abnormal narrowing in the colon that can block or slow the passage of stool. It may be caused by:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) like Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis
- Post-surgical scarring
- Radiation therapy
- Diverticulitis
- Colorectal cancer
When is balloon dilatation recommended?
This procedure is used when a patient:
- Has symptoms of bowel obstruction or narrowing
- Has a benign (non-cancerous) colonic stricture
- Is not a good candidate for surgery or prefers a less invasive option
How is the procedure performed?
- A colonoscopy is performed using a thin, flexible tube with a camera.
- A special balloon catheter is guided to the site of the stricture.
- The balloon is gently inflated to stretch and widen the narrowed area.
- The balloon may be inflated for several seconds to a minute and repeated as needed.
- The doctor may place a temporary stent or repeat the procedure if strictures recur.
Benefits of colonic balloon dilatation:
- Relieves obstruction symptoms without surgery
- Minimally invasive with quick recovery
- Can often delay or avoid the need for surgery
- Done as an outpatient procedure
Is it safe?
Yes, colonic balloon dilatation is generally safe and effective, especially when performed by experienced gastroenterologists. Possible risks include:
- Bleeding
- Perforation of the bowel (rare)
- Recurrence of stricture requiring repeat treatment
Aftercare and follow-up:
- Most patients can resume normal activity within a day.
- Your doctor may recommend dietary changes, medications, or follow-up colonoscopy to monitor the area.
- If the stricture recurs, additional dilatation or surgery may be considered.
Colonic balloon dilatation offers a nonsurgical solution to bowel narrowing, helping restore normal bowel function and improving quality of life.
