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Esophageal Polyp Removal

Esophageal polyp removal is an endoscopic procedure to identify and excise abnormal growths (polyps) in the esophagus—the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. Most esophageal polyps are benign (non-cancerous), but removal is often recommended to prevent symptoms, obtain a definitive diagnosis, and rule out pre-cancerous or cancerous changes.

What Are Esophageal Polyps?

Esophageal polyps are small, abnormal tissue growths that can develop on the lining of the esophagus. While rare, they may occur due to:

  • Chronic inflammation or irritation
  • GERD (acid reflux)
  • Infections
  • Genetic conditions or unknown causes
Symptoms of Esophageal Polyps:

Many polyps are asymptomatic, but larger ones may cause:

  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
  • Sensation of food sticking in the throat
  • Chest discomfort or pain
  • Reflux symptoms
  • Bleeding (rare)
How Are Esophageal Polyps Detected?

Polyps are typically found during a diagnostic upper GI endoscopy performed for symptoms like difficulty swallowing or acid reflux. Biopsy or removal may be recommended based on appearance and location.

    How Is Polyp Removal Performed?

    Esophageal polyp removal is done using an endoscope—a thin, flexible tube with a camera and instruments—inserted through the mouth. Techniques include:

    • Snare polypectomy: A wire loop is used to cut and remove the polyp.
    • Hot biopsy forceps: For smaller polyps, with cauterization to reduce bleeding.
    • Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): For larger or flatter polyps.

    The removed tissue is sent for histopathological examination to determine its nature (benign, pre-cancerous, or malignant).

      Benefits of Esophageal Polyp Removal:
      • Relieves symptoms like dysphagia or chest discomfort
      • Enables early diagnosis of cancer or pre-cancerous changes
      • Minimally invasive and performed as an outpatient procedure
      • Enhances patient safety and long-term esophageal health
      Is It Safe?

      Yes, polyp removal is safe when performed by a trained gastroenterologist. Rare risks include:

      • Minor bleeding
      • Perforation (very rare)
      • Temporary throat discomfort

      Most patients return to normal activities within a day.

      Esophageal polyp removal is a simple yet important step in managing esophageal health.